Apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure



y C. M. PATTISON. APPARATUS FOR GENERATlING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS UNDER PRESSURE.

C. M. PATTISON. APPARATUS PoR GENERATING coMBusnoN PRODUCTS UNDER PRESSURE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV" 27.1918.

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APPLICATION FILED NOV\ 27.1918.

Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

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CHARLES MENSFORTH PATTISON, OF PENTRE, 2/ALES.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING COMBUSTION .'LRODUCTS UNDER PRESSURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 27, 1918. Serial No. 234,432.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

De it known that I, CHAnLns MENSFOBTH Pria'trrsox, a subject of the Kingdom of Great Britain, residing at 2 Park View, Lelli, Pentre, in the county of Glamorgan, l/Vales, (formerly of Britannia villa, Penga-m, Monmouthshire, TvVales,) have invented a certain new or Improved Apparatus for Generating Combustion Products Under Pressure, of which the following is a specification.

lThis invention relates to a. new or improved apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, such apparatus comprising two or more explosion chambers each having means of ignition of the fuel charges, a valve controlled chamber which receives the products of combustion, and a compressed air chamber, all of which are adapted for the supply of the charge and the timing of the ignition to be automatically controlled by the pressures in the explosion and compressed air chamber, in` connection with which apparatus it is also proposed to mix the air under pressure fromthe compressed air chamber with the fuel to form the vaporized charge and to utilize the gases remaining in any one combustion chamber after the main products of combustion have passed to the receiving chamber for the operation of au air compressor for obtaining the required pressure inthe compressed air chamber, as also in restarting the apparatus to use the pressure in the compressed air chamber and also the pressure in the receiving chamber for starting the action of the air compressor.v

The air in the compression chamber is preferably heated by passingthe compressed air around the valves admitting the gases to the receiving chamber, or around the parts adjacent thereto, while any excess of predetermined maximum pressure in the receiving ch mber is adapted to stop the supply of fuel andthe ignition, the whole apparatus being so arranged as to have an automatic action. y

In order that this invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into practice, reference may be had to the appended sheets of explanatory drawings, upon which Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the apparatus in diagram.V

Fig. 2 is an enlargement of certain parts of l for the purpose of rendering such parts more clearly understandable.

Fig. 3 is a further enlargement of one of the parts shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an elevation in diagram of the one end of the apparatus shown in Fig. l,

loolring inthe direction of the arrow X.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the other end of the apparatus looking in the direction of the arrow Y.

In a convenient embodiment of this invention three explosion chambers D in the form of tubes lare fitted within a single receiving chamber R, such tubes being adapted to receive the fuel charges and be fired successively, the supply of the charges and the liring being automatically controlled by the pressure in the air compression chamber A, R, as follows Oil fuel is supplied under 'pressure from the tank T through the pipe C1 to the aperture C13 in the piston C2, which forms part of the carbureter C which takes in a charge of fuel, the quantity of the charge being regulated while the piston C2 is at rest at the bottom of the chamber C4, by the air release C3, which release comprises a restricted adjustable outlet, so that when the piston C is lifted, the oil gravitates to the bottom of the chamber Ct, and the fuel inlet C12 is'closed.

Upon the downward stroke of the piston C2, the oil is forced into the vaporizer V through pipe V by hot compressed air from the chamber A, R, through pipe A, R1, the air passing through port C5 in piston C2 down the passage C8 in piston rod C8 and into the vaporizer V where it passes through the three gauze partitions V2, V3 and V4t by which the oil is thoroughly vaporized before it reaches the explosion tube D.

W hen the explosion tube D is charged vith the fuel mixture produced by the aforementioned operation the piston valve D1 is lifted by the pressure of the charge, which passes down the passage D13 and through a restricted adjustable aperture at D8 into the chamber D14 thus closinor ort D and o Jen-V ing port D3, which allows the air pressure from the compressed air chamber A,'R, to operate on the piston C7 of the carbureter, this being effected by the valve D1 connecting the port D5 of the pipe D6 from the compresser air chamber with the port D3 of the pipe D4 to the carbureter cylinder at the underside of the piston C7 which is attached to the piston rod C the action of the air pressure being such as to force up the piston C7, thus lifting piston rod C, thereby clos- Patented Feb. 24, 1920. Y

Vthe air pressure to escape from the bottom of piston C1 and allows the piston C1 to return for a repeat operation for the next charge.

After the explosion the burnt gases pass from the explosion chamber D through the valve chamber B in the course of which the vvalves B1 and B1 are lifted and the gases Henter the receiving chamber R Where they vare retained under high pressure to be used eXpansively as required.

The ignited gases which are left in the Aexplosion chamber D pass through piston valve E, and back pressure valve E1 to an air compressor A, which is thus driven for the supply of compressed air to the compressed air chamber A, R, the compressed air being passed through jackets B3 of the valve chambers B, so as to have a cooling effect on the valve chambers, and ,at the same `Itime heat the supply of air to the air receiver, so as to increase its volume and render assistance in the vaporization of the fuel. y

The three explosion `chambers D which arein the form of tubes are fitted Within a single receiving` chamber It, such tubes being adapted to receive the fuel charges and be fired successively', for which purpose they are governed as hereinafter set forth by the piston valves E'Which are closed by the pressure of the burnt gases from the explosion which has taken place in the preceding chamber, the arrangement being such that the burnt gases in say the explosion chamber ilo. 2,V Cannot be discharged into-thev air compressor A until the burnt gases in explosion chamber No. l have been discharged, and so on, While the piston valve D1 cannot open the port D2 to admit a fresh charge until the explosion chamber is fully exlhaustechand thus releases the pressure from under the piston valve D1. For closing the piston valve E by the pressure of the burnt gases of the explosion in the preceding explosion chamber, the explosion chamber indicated for eXample in F ig. 5 by D9 is connected to the under-side of the piston valve ES by theipipes E4, the eXplosion chamber D1o being similarly connected by the pipes E5 to the chamber below the piston valve E.

- 'For the purpose of initially starting the apparatus the pipes E4, E5, and EG are respectively connected ivith the previously charged air compression chamber R, by

in a pipe connection between the receiving chamber R and the air compressor A, so as to enable the pressure Vin the receiver R When restarting to be used for starting to drive the air-compressor A, the tivo Way valves E being then reversed to form connection VWith the explosion chambers and the valve E closed allby the operator, after the first explosion'hastaken blace.

llVhefn the pressure in t 1e receiving chamber R has reached a predetermined maximum it lifts the plunger or piston of the safety valve G sufficiently to allovv the lever G1 to engage With the piston rod C at H1, thereby preventing the carbureter C from operating until the pressure in the receiving chamber R has reached a predetermined minimum, the lever G1 for this purpose being pivotedV at G2 to the fixed part of the valve, and having a fork head G3 engaging with the top of the piston Whereby upon the rising of the piston the end of the lever G1 engages with one of the notches H1 in the rod'on the carbureter piston when the rod C@ is in the raised position.

An outlet K from the receiving chamber R. is provided and adapted for being connected up to the distributing system. Suitable springs are provided in the carbureter C and piston valves D12 and E to operate in the reverse direction to that of the pressure of the combusted gases or compressed air as the case may be, and such springs are provided ivith suitable adjusting `screws for the purpose of adjusting the springs to suit'the required timing, while they space in the cylinder at the head of the piston of the valves E is provided with a valve to allovvl of the release of the pressure, and thus allovv the valve E to open. Y

The piston D1 is provided with a spring' sleeve DT which is split, so as to have frictional Contact with the inside of the cylinder ing the downward stroke of the piston D1. The valve DS is so arranged as to enable the pressure of the gases under the piston D1 to be regulated.

Suitable stop valves S and S are provided in the pipe connections to the compressed air chamber, so as to prevent any leakage of the pressure in the chamber or possibility of operation of the apparatus when such operation is not required.

' Tae Aexplosion chambers Which may be tivo or more in number, may be all arranged either inside or outside the receiving chamber, or part of the number of explosion chambers used may be contained Within, and part of such number outside the receiving chamber. i

In cases in which it may be proposed for the fuel charges to be of inflammable gas, such as coal gas, the arrangement for vthe supply of the gas to the piston C2 would be suitably enlarged to allow for the passage of the increased volume of the gas.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, including combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, means controlled by pressure in the combustion chambers for establishing communication for the latter with said fuel supply means, and means for mixing air from said compressed air chamber with the fuel charges to form the vaporized charge.

2. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, means controlled by pressure in the combustion chambers for establishing communication for the latter with said fuel supply means, and means for utilizing the gases remaining in the combustion chambers to maintain the pressure in the compressed air chamber.

3. An apparatus -for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, means controlled by pressure in the combustion chambers for establishing communication for the latter With said fuel supply means, and means for utilizing the pressure in the compressed airl chamber for starting the apparatus.

4. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying compressed air chamber.

5. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a

Vvalve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, means controlled by pressure in the combustion chambers for establishing communication for the latter with said fuel supply means, an air compressor receiving the gases remaining in the combustion chamber and discharging the same into said compressed air chamber, and means for utilizing the pressure in the receiving chamber for starting` operation of said air com-.

pressor. s

6. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, means for mixing air from said compressed air chamber With the fuel charges, and means for heating the com pressed airby passing the same around the control valve in said receiving chamber.

7. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, including a plurality of combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main product-s of combustion, and means for' causing the combustion chambers to automatically fire alternatively and in succession and for preventing a charging of the chambers until the pressure in the previously fired chamber has been exhausted.

8. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a. valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, and a carbureter, the relative pressures of the combustion and, compressed air chambers operating said carbureter to control the fuel and air supply to the combustion chambers.

9. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a

'valve controlled chamber receiving the main 4. Y p i 1,331,523

contained Within said valveV controlled chamber.V

10. An apparatus Ior generating combus tion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplyingV fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a receiving chamber for the main products lof combustion, a compressed air chamber,

and a carbureter comprising a cylinder, a double piston reciprocating in the cylinder andV operated by pressure fronr said compressed air chamber, and a supplementary piston valve actuated by the pressure of the combustion chamber to control the pressure communicated to said double piston.

11. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a con'ipres-sed air chamber, a vaporizer adapted to communicate With said combustion chambers, and a carbureter comprising a cylinder, a double piston reciprocating in said cylinder and operated by pressure from said compressed air chamber, and a supplementary piston valve actuated by the pressure in the combustion chambers to control the pressure communicated to the double piston, said supplementary piston valve being adapted to open and close the vaporizer.

12. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustionchambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, av valve controlled chamber receiving the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, and a carbureter comp-rising a cylinder, a double piston reciprocating in said cylinder and operated'by the pressure from said compressed air chamber, a supplementary piston valve actuated by the pressure of the combustion chambers to conT trol the pressure communicated to said double piston, and a lever connection to the magneto adapted to be tripped by said double piston.

13. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying Vfuel charges to said combustion chambers, a receiving chamber for the main products of combustion, a piston device connected to said receiving chamber, a lever stationarily arranged on said piston device, a carbureter having a reciprocating double piston, and a trip lever on said carbureter adapted to establish ignition, said carbureter and trip lever being held out of operation upon an excessive pressure inthe receiving chamber operating said pistondevice and lever.Y

14.' An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges Vto said combustion chambers, a receiving chamber for the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, an air compressor adapted toy utilize the gases remaining in the combustion chambers to maintain the pressure in the compressed air chamber, said air compresser being connected with said combustion chambers by tubes, and a valve in said tubes adapted to be closed by the pressure of the burnt gases from the combustion Vchamber ,in which the preceding explosion has taken place.

15; An apparatus forgenerating combustion products under Y. pressure, comprising combustion chambers, means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a receiving chamberfor the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, an air compressor adapted to utilize the gases remaining in the combustion chambers and to maintain the; pressure in the compressed air chamber, said compressor being connected with said combustion chambers by tubes, a valve in said tubes adapted to be closed by the pressure of the burnt gases krom the combustion chamber in which the preceding explosion has takenpl-ace, a pipe connecting said valves with said compressed air chamber, and a manually operable valve in said pipe to admit air pressure to saidfirst named valves for starting the apparatus.

16. An apparatus for generating combustion products under pressure, comprising combustion chambers,'means for supplying fuel charges to said combustion chambers, a receiving chamber for the main products of combustion, a compressed air chamber, an air compressor adapted to utilize the gases remaining in the combustion chambers and to maintain the pressure in the compressed air chamber, said air compressor being connected with said combustion chambers by tubes, a valve in said tubes adapted to be closed by the pressure ofthe burnt o'ases from the combustion chamber in which the preceding explosion has taken'place, a pipe connecting the receiving chamber With said air compressor, and a valve in said pipe by which the pressure in the receiving cham ber may be utilized for starting the air compressor to Work. e Y v In Witness whereof I 'have hereunto set my hand in the presence oftwo Witnesses. Y

CHARLES MENSFORTH lATTISON. 

